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Using a VPN is a great way to shield your internet traffic when you're traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your regional files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a back door to get beyond the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI needed to hire hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Since the moment a back door or similar hack exists, it becomes a target, a prize for the bad guys. It'll flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update them, but the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document secret you can use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel with those options.
One type of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of these. Another creates a virtual disk drive that, when open, acts like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, all of the documents you put into it are entirely inaccessible. .
Similar to the digital drive solution, a few products store your encrypted information in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a much bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It really depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial offered by each one of these products to have a feel for the different options.
Once you copy a file into protected storage, or make an encrypted version of it, you absolutely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you skip my response the Recycle Bin, since the information still exists on disc, and data retrieval utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products prevent this problem by encrypting the file in place, literally overwriting it on disk with an encrypted version. It's more common, though, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you choose a product that lacks this feature, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic recovery functions because the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It's more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known information and reading around the edges of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, image, or other file into it, and you get back what seems like gibberish. Run that gibberish back through the box, using the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all the merchandise gathered here support AES. Even the ones that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you're an encryption specialist, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical user, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, register it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. Another is private, and should be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this program in reverse, you can make a digital signature that shows that your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Exactly To encrypt it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it is all of the proof you need. PKI service is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to talk about a file with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.